| Affordability & subsidy programs |
| LIHTCLow-Income Housing Tax Credit | Federal tax-credit affordability program | Federal compliance is 15 years; post-1989 projects generally also have an extended-use period of at least 15 additional years. New York and individual agreements may require longer terms. | Potentially. Year 15 is an investor/compliance milestone, not automatically the end of tenant affordability. | The foundational tax-credit layer - but never assume '30 years' is the whole story. |
| SLIHCNew York State Low-Income Housing Tax Credit | State tax-credit affordability program | Project-specific; the state credit, financing documents and regulatory agreement must be read together. | Depends on the governing agreement and other layers. | New York's state tax-credit layer - usually document-driven. |
| HOMEHOME Investment Partnerships Program | Federal subsidy + affordability restriction | Rental affordability periods vary by the amount and type of HOME investment and project structure. | Yes. HOME has defined affordability periods, but another restriction may continue afterward. | A separate federal affordability clock that can sit on top of LIHTC. |
| HTFHousing Trust Fund | Federal block-grant affordability program | HTF-assisted rental housing has a federal minimum affordability period of 30 years; a state or project agreement can require longer. | The federal minimum has a term; the property-specific agreement may go further. | Deep-affordability subsidy - minimum 30-year rental clock, then read the state/project agreement. |
| Section 8 PBRAProject-Based Rental Assistance | HUD Multifamily rental-assistance contract | Contract-specific. HUD renewal options can carry terms from one to twenty years depending on the option, and contracts can be renewed repeatedly. | A HAP contract can expire or an owner can pursue an opt-out in some circumstances. HUD generally requires one-year notice for an eligible opt-out, and a Use Agreement or other law may constrain it. The HAP date is not automatically the end of all affordability. | HUD Multifamily Section 8 - think contract clock, not generic 'Section 8.' |
| Section 8 PBVProject-Based Vouchers | PHA-administered voucher contract | The initial HAP term can be up to 20 years. Extensions can be executed before expiration; each extension may be up to 20 years and the total remaining term cannot exceed 40 years under current federal rules. | The PBV contract has a term, but other regulatory agreements may continue. PBV is not the same program as PBRA. | Project-based vouchers = PHA/voucher platform, not HUD Multifamily PBRA. |
| Section 202Section 202 Supportive Housing for the Elderly | Federal capital advance / direct-loan + rental-assistance family | Generation matters. Capital-advance projects generally carry a 40-year affordability obligation; legacy direct loans can have maturities up to 40 years. PRAC assistance is renewable and some properties convert through RAD to long-term PBRA or PBV. | Loan maturity, affordability obligation and rental-assistance contract are separate clocks. RAD can recapitalize a project and extend long-term affordability rather than simply ending the old assistance. | Section 202 is a family of generations - do not reduce it to one 'expiration date.' |
| Mitchell-LamaMitchell-Lama Housing Program | Supervised affordable rental/co-op program | Under state-supervised Mitchell-Lama, developments generally have a statutory right to buy out after 20 years; project financing and other restrictions can create additional clocks. | Mitchell-Lama supervision can end through dissolution/buyout. Other rent regulation or federal restrictions may survive, especially in older NYC/ETPA buildings. | A whole housing regime - not just a tax break, and buyout does not always mean instant deregulation. |
| NYC tax-benefit & regulatory programs |
| Legacy J-51J-51 Tax Exemption/Abatement | Rehabilitation tax benefit + rent-regulation history | Benefits vary. HPD describes 14- or 34-year exemption structures and abatements up to 20 years. Work completed after June 29, 2022 is not eligible for legacy J-51. | The tax benefit ends. Rent-regulation consequences may survive depending on independent stabilization, tenant occupancy and required lease notices. | Old J-51 = rehab tax benefit, but tenant/lease history can outlive the tax benefit. |
| J-51 RJ-51 Reform | Rehabilitation tax abatement + restriction period | Eligible construction must fall within the current statutory completion window. Tax abatement can run up to 20 years; the restriction period is at least 15 years from initial receipt of benefits and can be longer. | The restriction period has its own clock. Current rules also make tenant occupancy during the protected period relevant to continuing rent-stabilization consequences. | New J-51: tax clock, restriction clock and tenant-history clock are explicitly different. |
| 421-a421-a / Affordable New York generations | New-construction tax exemption + affordability/rent regulation | There are multiple statutory generations and options. Older 421-a can have 10-, 15-, 20- or 25-year post-construction benefits; Affordable New York generally uses 35-year benefit structures, with some enhanced projects carrying a 40-year restriction period. | Yes, but the tax-benefit end, affordable-unit restriction end and tenant protection can be different dates. | Never say '421-a is X years' without identifying the generation. |
| 485-xAffordable Neighborhoods for New Yorkers | New-construction tax exemption + permanent restricted-unit protection | Tax benefits can be 10, 35 or 40 years depending on the option. HPD's current implementation materials include 2026 affordability workbooks and current program rules. | The tax benefit ends, but HPD states Affordable Housing Units are permanently affordable and Restricted Units are permanently rent stabilized. | Finite tax benefit; permanent restricted-unit protection. |
| 467-mAffordable Housing from Commercial Conversions | Commercial-to-residential conversion tax exemption + permanent affordability | Benefit schedules vary by geography and commencement date and generally run 25, 30 or 35 years. Current eligibility uses statutory commencement/completion windows and 2026 HPD implementation materials. | The tax benefit ends; Affordable Housing Units are permanently subject to rent stabilization and the affordability restriction continues beyond the tax-benefit term. | Commercial-conversion program - not the LIHTC Year 15 preservation program. |
| Article XIPHFL Article XI Tax Exemption | HDFC tax exemption + project-specific affordability agreement | HPD can grant a complete or partial real-estate-tax exemption for up to 40 years. | The tax exemption has a term; affordability is governed by the accompanying project/regulatory documents and may have its own term. | Common NYC preservation tax tool - but the agreement is the real answer. |
| 420-cRPTL 420-c | LIHTC-linked property-tax exemption / preservation financing tool | The exemption runs for the actual regulatory-agreement term, up to a maximum of 60 years. | Yes. The 420-c exemption ends with the regulatory-agreement term unless another protection continues; the tax benefit by itself does not answer every tenant-protection question. | LIHTC-linked tax relief that can make a preservation acquisition pencil — not a loan. Nonprofit control + the regulatory agreement are the keys. |
| 420-aRPTL 420-a | Supportive/nonprofit housing tax exemption | HPD states the exemption continues while eligibility requirements remain satisfied. | It can end if eligibility requirements stop being satisfied; separate regulatory agreements may also matter. | Condition-based supportive-housing exemption - not a simple 20/30/40-year clock. |
| UDAAPUrban Development Action Area Program | City-authorized property-tax exemption | DOF states the exemption can run up to 20 years on the assessed value of the building; the land remains taxable. | The tax exemption has a finite term. Any affordability/regulatory agreement created with the underlying disposition or financing must be checked separately. | Former City land + Council designation + up-to-20-year tax exemption; then read the separate affordability documents. |
| 421-g421-g | Legacy downtown commercial-conversion tax benefit | Legacy/project-specific; HPD says the program was not available for conversions commencing after 2006. | The tax benefit can expire, but rent-regulation history may remain relevant to tenants and requires a generation/property-specific review. | Old downtown conversion incentive - historical status may still matter today. |
| Tenant-stability protections |
| Rent StabilizationNYC / ETPA Rent Stabilization | Rent-regulation law | No single universal expiration date. Coverage depends on the legal basis for stabilization and the building/unit/tenant facts. | Coverage can change under specific legal rules, but it must not be inferred from a subsidy or tax-benefit date alone. | A tenant/unit protection - not an affordability financing program. |
| Rent ControlNew York Rent Control | Legacy rent-regulation law | Tenant-history dependent rather than a project affordability term. | Can end when the qualifying tenancy ends or other legal conditions change; property-level data alone is not enough. | A tenancy-history protection, not a building subsidy. |
| Good CauseGood Cause Eviction | Tenant-stability / anti-displacement law | Not an affordability expiration clock; coverage turns on current statutory and tenant/building facts. HCR's current notice and guidance should be checked because implementation materials can be updated. | Coverage can change with tenancy/property facts or law; it should be screened, not automatically declared from public data. | Stability protection, not an affordability covenant. |
| Preservation financing & intervention tools |
| LIHTC Year 15 PreservationHPD LIHTC Preservation (Year 15) Program | Preservation financing / recapitalization program | Triggered by the property's LIHTC lifecycle rather than creating one universal original program term. Current HPD options can include tax exemptions of up to 40 or 60 years depending on the exemption, low-interest loans and mortgage modifications; loan structures can run 30 to 40 years. | It is an intervention used to create a new preservation deal; the resulting affordability term depends on the new tax exemption, loans and regulatory agreement. | A separate HPD preservation program for LIHTC properties around Year 15 — not the same thing as 420-c, although 420-c can be one tax-exemption tool in a preservation transaction. |
| HUD Multifamily PreservationHPD HUD Multifamily Program | Preservation financing for HUD-assisted housing | Usually responds to a HUD-assisted property's recapitalization, physical-needs and contract-preservation cycle rather than one universal term; HPD's current loan program lists a 30-year loan term. | The preservation transaction creates or extends obligations through its financing and regulatory documents. | City preservation financing aimed specifically at HUD-assisted properties. |
| HPOHousing Preservation Opportunities Program | Article XI preservation tax-exemption program | HPD currently offers full or partial Article XI tax exemptions for up to 40 years. | The Article XI exemption has a term; the regulatory agreement and preservation transaction determine the affordability obligations that accompany it. | Preservation when the main need is tax relief rather than an HPD rehab loan. |
| SPPSupportive Preservation Program | Supportive-housing preservation financing | A preservation transaction rather than one universal statutory clock. Current HPD materials describe minimum 30-year loan structures with terms that can extend to 40 years, while the social-service contract remains a separate layer. | The financing, affordability agreement and service contract are separate clocks. SPP does not itself modify the social-service contract. | New in 2026: preservation program specifically for existing supportive housing. |
| CPARCapital Partnership for Affordable Renovation | Moderate-rehab preservation loan program | HPD currently describes a 30-year below-market loan. Borrowers enter a regulatory agreement for at least the term of the loan and/or tax exemption. | The loan and tax exemption have terms; the regulatory agreement sets the actual rent/income restrictions and requires covered units to be rent stabilized during the applicable period. | Moderate rehab + private lender + HPD gap subsidy, with a regulatory agreement attached. |
| HRPMultifamily Housing Rehabilitation Loan Program | Deep-rehab / limited-private-debt preservation financing | HPD's current program materials describe a minimum 30-year loan term with a repayable balloon term of up to 40 years. | The financing term is not automatically the same as the affordability term; the tax exemption and regulatory agreement must be read as separate layers. | Use when the building needs rehab but cannot carry conventional private debt on its own. |
| PLP / TPT / MPLPParticipation Loan Programs | Preservation financing / acquisition-rehabilitation family | Project-specific financing, tax-exemption and regulatory-agreement terms; there is no single family-wide expiration date. | Each preservation transaction creates its own financing and affordability clocks. | A family of preservation deals - identify the subtype before trying to interpret the clock. |
| Neighborhood PillarsNeighborhood Pillars Program | Acquisition + rehabilitation preservation program | Current HPD materials require a regulatory agreement for at least the 30-year loan term and/or tax exemption and permanent affordability for at least 30% of units. | Some project obligations are term-limited while a permanent-affordability component applies to at least part of the project; the executed regulatory agreement controls the property-specific mix. | Acquisition preservation: a useful bridge from distressed private ownership toward mission-driven stewardship. |
| Documents that often control the real answer |
| Regulatory AgreementProperty-specific regulatory agreement / restrictive covenant | Governing legal document | Whatever term the agreement actually states; it may be longer than the subsidy or tax benefit that helped finance the property. | Fixed-term, permanent, renewable or conditional depending on the document. Amendments and later agreements can supersede or layer on top of earlier terms. | When the headline program and the actual deal seem to conflict, the governing document is often where the answer lives. |
| Restrictive DeclarationRecorded restrictive declaration | Recorded affordability covenant | Program/document-specific; some declarations implement permanent restrictions and others fixed compliance periods. | Depends on the statute and declaration. Do not assume the tax-benefit term controls it. | The recorded document that can make the protection run with the property. |
| Additional affordability & regulatory families |
| Inclusionary HousingNYC Inclusionary Housing family (MIH / UAP / vested VIH / AQRS / Cure) | Zoning-linked affordability + recorded restrictive declaration | Subtype-specific. MIH requires permanently affordable housing, and UAP additional homes are permanently income-restricted. The recorded restrictive declaration is a key property-level source. | Do not infer an end date from the zoning approval alone. Permanent subtypes run with the land; older/vested or cure structures require the applicable declaration and generation rules. | If zoning created the affordability, find the restrictive declaration. MIH/UAP can be permanent. |
| Section 811Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons with Disabilities | Federal capital-advance / rental-assistance family | Generation matters. Traditional capital-advance projects carry at least a 40-year affordability obligation. Project rental assistance has its own renewable contract clock; Section 811 PRA can also be layered into properties financed through LIHTC, HOME or other sources. | Capital-advance affordability and rental-assistance contracts are separate clocks. A contract milestone does not by itself establish the end of every affordability/use restriction. | Section 811 = disability housing. Separate the long affordability obligation from the rental-assistance contract. |
| Additional rental-assistance & tenant-protection programs |
| NYC 15/15NYC 15/15 Project-Based Rental Assistance | City project-based rental assistance for supportive housing | The initial NYC 15/15 Rental Assistance Contract can run up to 15 years. HPD requires an existing or new/extended HPD regulatory agreement that covers the life of the Rental Assistance Contract, so the assistance contract and affordability agreement must be tracked separately. | The rental-assistance contract has a term and may be renewed or replaced under then-current rules; the regulatory agreement and other affordability/supportive-housing restrictions may have different clocks. | NYC 15/15 = City project-based supportive-housing assistance. RAC clock is not automatically the affordability clock. |
| Section 8 Mod RehabSection 8 Moderate Rehabilitation / Mod Rehab SRO | Legacy federal project-based rental assistance | Contract- and conversion-specific. The existing Mod Rehab HAP contract is one clock; a RAD conversion can replace it with a new long-term PBV or PBRA structure and accompanying use restrictions. | A Mod Rehab contract can reach a renewal/conversion milestone, but that does not establish that every affordability or resident protection ends. RAD and other preservation tools can change the assistance structure. | Mod Rehab is its own legacy project-based Section 8 lane — don't collapse it into PBRA or PBV before checking the contract. |
| SCRIE / DRIESenior Citizen / Disability Rent Increase Exemption (NYC Rent Freeze) | Tenant-specific rent-freeze protection | Tenant-specific eligibility and benefit period. This is not a building-wide affordability covenant and should be modeled in the Tenant Protection Stack rather than as a property expiration date. | Eligibility can change and benefits require renewal/continued qualification. The tenant's underlying rent regulation, subsidy or building affordability restrictions remain separate protections. | SCRIE/DRIE freezes an eligible tenant's rent; it does not create one building-wide affordability clock. |
| Public & preservation system families |
| RAD / PACTRental Assistance Demonstration / NYCHA Permanent Affordability Commitment Together | Public-housing preservation conversion + Project-Based Section 8 | Conversion creates a new assistance and use-restriction structure rather than one simple expiration date. NYCHA states PACT homes remain permanently affordable and resident rights are preserved. | Do not treat conversion to Section 8 as privatization of the affordability clock or as a generic PBV/PBRA expiration. PACT/RAD documents, land/building control, HAP structure and resident protections must be read together. | PACT is NYCHA's RAD pathway: Section 9 -> Project-Based Section 8 + rehabilitation, with permanent affordability promised in the program structure. |
| Public Housing Preservation TrustNew York City Public Housing Preservation Trust | 100% public NYCHA preservation + Section 8 financing pathway | NYCHA remains permanent owner; the Trust receives a long-term ground lease that NYCHA says is renewed every 99 years. Program materials state homes remain permanently affordable and resident rights/use restrictions are embedded in the land. | This is not the same structure as PACT. Do not collapse the Trust into a generic Section 8 conversion; its public ownership, ground lease and statutory resident protections are distinct. | Trust = NYCHA stays owner and manager; a public entity + renewable long ground lease unlocks Section 8/bond rehabilitation funding. |
| HDC PreservationNYC Housing Development Corporation Preservation Program family | City preservation financing / bond program | Transaction-specific. HDC financing, mortgage/bond maturity, regulatory agreement, tax exemption and any rental-assistance contract must be modeled as separate clocks. | The financing has a term, but the affordability restriction can be governed by a different/longer regulatory agreement or assistance layer. | HDC is its own preservation-finance lane - don't mistake an HDC loan term for the affordability end date. |
| HCR Preservation FinanceNew York State HCR/HFA preservation financing family | State preservation loans / subsidy / tax-credit recapitalization | Program- and project-specific. State loan, tax-credit, mortgage and regulatory-agreement clocks can differ, and an older subsidy layer may remain relevant after recapitalization. | A state preservation loan reaching maturity is not automatically the end of affordability; the executed HCR/HFA regulatory agreement and overlapping subsidy/use restrictions control the property-specific answer. | New York State has its own preservation toolbox - identify the exact term sheet and then find the regulatory agreement. |
| Community-Controlled PreservationANCP / TIL / Community Land Trust / HCR CCAH & CLT Support family | Resident/community ownership + stewardship preservation | Structure-specific. HPD CLT projects typically use regulatory agreements with 30-60 years of initial affordability protections that can be extended indefinitely, plus ground leases typically lasting 99 years with automatic renewal. Cooperative/HDFC agreements can have separate terms. | The public subsidy, regulatory agreement, HDFC restrictions and CLT ground lease are different layers. Community control should be modeled as a stewardship/governance layer rather than reduced to one subsidy clock. | Community control is a protection layer of its own: who owns/stewards the land can matter long after a particular subsidy closes. |
| Partners in PreservationNYC HPD Partners in Preservation (PiP) | Publicly funded tenant-organizing & anti-displacement intervention | No property-level affordability clock. The relevant state is whether a building is being organized/supported and what enforcement, legal or preservation actions follow. | Program funding/coverage can change, but tenant organizing and any resulting legal, regulatory or preservation protections are separate. Do not describe PiP itself as a restriction on the deed or rent. | PiP = City-funded organizing. It helps tenants create leverage; it is not itself a deed restriction. |
| Legacy federal preservation mechanisms |
| Legacy HUD Mortgage / Use AgreementsSection 236 / 221(d)(3) BMIR / ELIHPA / LIHPRHA / pre-1974 Section 202 / related HUD use restrictions | Legacy federal mortgage + use-restriction family | Mortgage maturity is one clock, not the answer. HUD's preservation infrastructure separately tracks rental assistance, use agreements, restructured debt and legacy direct-loan preservation. | A subsidized mortgage can mature while a HAP contract, use agreement, SPRAC/RAD structure, state/local law or other protection continues. Some preservation use agreements impose their own long-term restrictions. | Old HUD mortgage ending does NOT automatically mean affordability ending. Always look for the separate assistance/use agreement. |
| Federal PBRA Preservation ToolsMark-to-Market / Post-M2M / BBRA / Section 8(bb) / Section 8 Preservation Efforts | HUD PBRA restructuring / transfer / preservation tools | Tool-specific. Mark-to-Market can restructure HUD/FHA debt while renewing Section 8; Post-M2M Budget Based Rent Adjustments can stabilize eligible restructured properties; Section 8(bb) can transfer remaining PBRA budget authority when a HAP terminates or expires without renewal. | These are intervention pathways, not one universal restriction term. The resulting HAP contract, use agreement, restructured debt and transaction documents determine the new clocks. | A Section 8 contract problem can trigger a preservation tool - not necessarily an affordability cliff. |
| Additional New York State affordability programs |
| NYS Housing Trust FundNew York State Low-Income Housing Trust Fund Program (HTF) | State capital subsidy + long-term low-income use restriction | HCR states that project sponsors must ensure long-term use by low- and/or very-low-income people for 15-30 years. The exact project documents and other layered financing can require additional or longer restrictions. | The state HTF use period has a defined project term, but other LIHTC, HOME, HFA/HCR, local or recorded restrictions may continue. Do not confuse this state program with the separate federal Housing Trust Fund. | Two different HTFs exist: federal HTF and New York State's Low-Income Housing Trust Fund. Identify which one funded the property. |
| Public housing foundations & transition protections |
| NYCHA / Section 9Traditional Section 9 Public Housing | Federal public-housing subsidy + public ownership/governance regime | There is no single property affordability expiration analogous to a tax-benefit end date. Operations and capital funding depend on the federal public-housing framework and annual appropriations; any proposed conversion or disposition has its own legal process and resident-rights requirements. | A development can remain Section 9 or later enter a HUD-approved repositioning/conversion pathway. Do not treat a potential PACT/Trust discussion as proof that Section 9 has ended before the actual approval/conversion occurs. | Section 9 is the traditional public-housing regime itself. PACT and the Trust are alternatives to it, not synonyms for it. |
| NYCHA Comprehensive ModernizationNYCHA Comprehensive Modernization (Comp Mod) | Section 9 public-housing capital preservation + whole-development modernization | Comp Mod is a capital-rehabilitation pathway, not a conversion to a new affordability clock. Project funding, design and construction have schedules, while the development remains governed by the Section 9 public-housing framework unless a separate later legal action changes that status. | Completion of the capital project does not itself end Section 9 status or create a market-rate conversion. Any later PACT, Trust, Section 18 or other repositioning action would be a separate process that must be verified independently. | Comp Mod = comprehensive rehabilitation while staying Section 9. Do not confuse capital modernization with a Section 8 conversion. |
| Public Housing RepositioningHUD Section 18 / RAD-Section 18 / other public-housing repositioning pathways | Public-housing conversion, disposition and replacement-assistance mechanisms | Process-specific. A Section 18 approval can remove units from the public-housing program and trigger Tenant Protection Vouchers; RAD/Section 18 blends combine RAD conversion with Section 18 assistance and replacement requirements. Approval, relocation, HAP/PBV conversion and use-restriction clocks are separate. | Resident protections differ materially by pathway. HUD states that RAD and Section 18/SVC do not provide identical rights, so never label a repositioning simply 'Section 8 conversion' without identifying the authority used. | Public-housing change has a legal pathway. Section 18 is not RAD, and a RAD/Section 18 blend is not pure RAD. |
| Enhanced / Tenant Protection VouchersEnhanced Vouchers and HUD Tenant Protection Vouchers (TPVs) | Tenant-specific protection/relocation rental assistance triggered by housing conversion actions | Tenant- and event-specific rather than a building-wide restriction term. Enhanced voucher payment rules can allow an eligible family to remain after certain multifamily conversions; replacement and relocation TPVs have different reissuance rules. | Voucher eligibility and assistance can change under program rules, and moving can change the applicable payment standard. The voucher does not by itself preserve the old building-wide covenant, so the property transition and the household protection must be modeled separately. | When a building-level HUD protection changes, ask what happens to the people. Enhanced/TPV assistance is the tenant-protection side of the transition. |
| Preservation restructuring & permanent stewardship |
| Affordable Housing Retention ActAffordable Housing Retention Act (AHRA) / General Business Law § 352-eeeee | NYC preservation restructuring law + condominium conversion + permanent affordability | For a consummated preservation plan, the statute defines the extended affordability term for the income-restricted rental units as in perpetuity while the development exists, subject to the regulatory agreement. The statute itself is currently scheduled to repeal on November 5, 2031, but rights granted under completed preservation plans survive expiration or amendment of the statute. | The statutory filing pathway has a sunset and an individual plan can fail to become effective or be abandoned. But a consummated plan requires existing income-restricted units to remain restricted in perpetuity under the new regulatory agreement; the statute also protects non-purchasing tenants and allows qualifying affordable units to convert to limited-equity cooperative ownership while retaining permanent low-income restrictions. | Not every condo conversion means affordability loss: AHRA can carve the affordable units into permanent HDFC/CLT/nonprofit stewardship. |
| Enforcement & building-rescue interventions |
| Certification of No HarassmentNYC Certification of No Harassment (CONH) | Anti-harassment permit restriction + tenant displacement protection | The building's CONH coverage basis, harassment inquiry period, application/determination and any denial-related permit restriction are separate milestones. The current pilot is scheduled to run through September 27, 2026; SRO and special-district CONH requirements have separate continuing legal bases. | Coverage depends on the applicable law, zoning district, building type or pilot list. A denial can block covered alteration/demolition permits for a period of years and may trigger low-income housing requirements or options depending on the CONH regime. A pending Council proposal would make the pilot permanent, but that proposal is not current law unless enacted. | Before an owner can materially alter or demolish certain vulnerable buildings, CONH asks whether tenants were harassed out first. |
| 7A AdministrationNew York Real Property Actions and Proceedings Law Article 7-A / NYC HPD 7A Program | Court-appointed building administration + tenant-safety preservation intervention | Court- and building-specific rather than an affordability expiration. The important lifecycle is the 7A petition/order, administrator appointment and management period, repair/capital work, court oversight and eventual disposition or return of control. | A 7A administration can end through court action when the legal basis for administration is resolved. Ending 7A does not itself determine rent regulation, subsidy status or affordability; those protections must be tracked separately. | 7A can change who runs a dangerous private building without changing who holds the deed—an emergency building-rescue tool, not an affordability covenant. |
| Specialized tenant protection regimes |
| Loft Law / IMDNew York City Loft Law / Interim Multiple Dwelling protections | Tenant protection + building legalization + eventual rent-regulation pathway | Legalization milestones and tenant status matter rather than one affordability expiration date. After legalization and the required Loft Board order, a protected occupant must be offered a rent-regulated lease under the Emergency Tenant Protection Act. | Loft Board jurisdiction can end after legalization or another lawful disposition of coverage, but the tenant may transition into rent regulation. Sale of the building does not itself eliminate Loft Law rights. | Loft Law is a legalization regime with real tenant rights: IMD protection can lead into rent regulation rather than simply disappear when the building becomes legal. |